Annotated Bibliography
Primary
Books
Butson, Thomas G. Mikhail Gorbachev. New York: Chelsea House, 1986. Print.
This book gave us a clear and detailed insight about General Secretary Gorbachev, his policies of glasnost and perestroika, and the level of cooperation that he gave when he worked with U.S. President Ronald Reagan on the INF Treaty. This book also showed us how Mikhail Gorbachev’s radical new ideas helped caused the fall of the Soviet Union.
Hanhimäki, Jussi M., and Odd Arne. Westad. The Cold War: A History in Documents and Eyewitness Accounts. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2003. Print.
This book was incredibly useful, as it gave a large variety of Cold War documents and eyewitness accounts that occurred during the time period. It was also useful because of its common-man description of the war, describing the Cold War through the words of soldiers and homefront workers.
Hanes, Sharon M., Richard Clay Hanes, and Lawrence W. Baker. Cold War: Primary Sources. Farmington Hills, MI: UXL, 2004.
This book was, although published after the Cold War and the INF Treaty, was entirely filled with primary documents and images from some of the people involved with the Cold War. This gave us many sources from which to see how some of the less-recognized leaders were involved with the INF Treaty.
Kampelman, M. M. The INF Treaty: Negotiation and Ratification. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of State, Bureau of Public Affairs, Office of Public Communication, Editorial Division, 1988. Print.
This book, written by US government officials, showed the long and hard steps of President Ronald Reagan and General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev in order to reach the INF Treaty and the equally difficult steps to make it official by the US Senate and the Soviet parties.
Kennedy, Robert F. Thirteen Days: A Memoir of the Cuban Missile Crisis. New York: W.W. Norton, 1969. Print.
This book, written by John F. Kennedy’s brother, gave us a personal and specific recount of the Cuban Missile Crisis. He described how President Kennedy reacted to Soviet Premier Khrushchev's threats, and how he responded to the crisis. This helped us also learn of the secret negotiations between Kennedy and Khrushchev which ultimately ended the crisis.
Frankland, Mark. Khrushchev. New York: Stein and Day, 1967. Print.
This book was a helpful biography of Nikita Khrushchev, and taught us about Khrushchev’s years as Soviet Premier. It gave us specific thoughts of Khrushchev about the United States and John F Kennedy, and told us how Khrushchev tried to work with Kennedy to end the Cuban Missile Crisis.
Sullivan, George. Ronald Reagan. New York: J. Messner, 1985. Print.
This biography was extremely helpful, as it taught us what several unfamiliar that we came across meant, such as “Star Wars”, and also taught us what caused Reagan to sign the INF Treaty with Mikhail Gorbachev, and how he was able to change his viewpoint of the Soviet Union as “an evil empire” to working with Gorbachev to end the Cold War.
Tachibana, Seiitsu. Much Ado About Something: The Factors That Induced Reagan and Gorbachev to Conclude the INF Treaty”. Nagasaki: Nagasaki Institute of Applied Sciences, 1988.
This book was valuable to us, because it gave us detailed information on why Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev signed the INF Treaty, and what caused them to meet together many times to discuss the threat of nuclear weapons. It also gave in depth reasons why the INF Treaty restricted certain ballistic missiles and not others.
This book gave us a clear and detailed insight about General Secretary Gorbachev, his policies of glasnost and perestroika, and the level of cooperation that he gave when he worked with U.S. President Ronald Reagan on the INF Treaty. This book also showed us how Mikhail Gorbachev’s radical new ideas helped caused the fall of the Soviet Union.
Hanhimäki, Jussi M., and Odd Arne. Westad. The Cold War: A History in Documents and Eyewitness Accounts. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2003. Print.
This book was incredibly useful, as it gave a large variety of Cold War documents and eyewitness accounts that occurred during the time period. It was also useful because of its common-man description of the war, describing the Cold War through the words of soldiers and homefront workers.
Hanes, Sharon M., Richard Clay Hanes, and Lawrence W. Baker. Cold War: Primary Sources. Farmington Hills, MI: UXL, 2004.
This book was, although published after the Cold War and the INF Treaty, was entirely filled with primary documents and images from some of the people involved with the Cold War. This gave us many sources from which to see how some of the less-recognized leaders were involved with the INF Treaty.
Kampelman, M. M. The INF Treaty: Negotiation and Ratification. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of State, Bureau of Public Affairs, Office of Public Communication, Editorial Division, 1988. Print.
This book, written by US government officials, showed the long and hard steps of President Ronald Reagan and General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev in order to reach the INF Treaty and the equally difficult steps to make it official by the US Senate and the Soviet parties.
Kennedy, Robert F. Thirteen Days: A Memoir of the Cuban Missile Crisis. New York: W.W. Norton, 1969. Print.
This book, written by John F. Kennedy’s brother, gave us a personal and specific recount of the Cuban Missile Crisis. He described how President Kennedy reacted to Soviet Premier Khrushchev's threats, and how he responded to the crisis. This helped us also learn of the secret negotiations between Kennedy and Khrushchev which ultimately ended the crisis.
Frankland, Mark. Khrushchev. New York: Stein and Day, 1967. Print.
This book was a helpful biography of Nikita Khrushchev, and taught us about Khrushchev’s years as Soviet Premier. It gave us specific thoughts of Khrushchev about the United States and John F Kennedy, and told us how Khrushchev tried to work with Kennedy to end the Cuban Missile Crisis.
Sullivan, George. Ronald Reagan. New York: J. Messner, 1985. Print.
This biography was extremely helpful, as it taught us what several unfamiliar that we came across meant, such as “Star Wars”, and also taught us what caused Reagan to sign the INF Treaty with Mikhail Gorbachev, and how he was able to change his viewpoint of the Soviet Union as “an evil empire” to working with Gorbachev to end the Cold War.
Tachibana, Seiitsu. Much Ado About Something: The Factors That Induced Reagan and Gorbachev to Conclude the INF Treaty”. Nagasaki: Nagasaki Institute of Applied Sciences, 1988.
This book was valuable to us, because it gave us detailed information on why Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev signed the INF Treaty, and what caused them to meet together many times to discuss the threat of nuclear weapons. It also gave in depth reasons why the INF Treaty restricted certain ballistic missiles and not others.
Films/Documentaries
Branagh, Kenneth. "MAD." Cold War. Prod. Pat Mitchell and Jeremy Isaacs. CNN. 1998. Television.
This source, although created a few years after the war was finished, was an important resource to us, because it was filled with many primary sources, such as authentic videos and quotes from the Cold War and taught us about Mutual Assured Destruction.
Branagh, Kenneth. "Star Wars." Cold War. Prod. Pat Mitchell and Jeremy Isaacs. CNN. 1998. Television.
This source is similar to the one above, as it is filled with primary sources, and taught us about the term “Star Wars”, which was popularized because of the recent release of George Lucas film, “Star Wars”. It was officially called the Strategic Defense Initiative, a term first used by President Ronald Reagan.
"The Day After." Dir. Nicholas Meyers. Prod. Stephenie Austin. ABC Circle Films. 1983. Film.
This movie was probably the most influencial movie made during the Cold War, even causing U.S. President Ronald Reagan to rethink the descisions he was making on a full-scale nuclear war. It was important because we, after watching this movie, could finally comprehend the immense destruction caused by a nuclear bomb.
This source, although created a few years after the war was finished, was an important resource to us, because it was filled with many primary sources, such as authentic videos and quotes from the Cold War and taught us about Mutual Assured Destruction.
Branagh, Kenneth. "Star Wars." Cold War. Prod. Pat Mitchell and Jeremy Isaacs. CNN. 1998. Television.
This source is similar to the one above, as it is filled with primary sources, and taught us about the term “Star Wars”, which was popularized because of the recent release of George Lucas film, “Star Wars”. It was officially called the Strategic Defense Initiative, a term first used by President Ronald Reagan.
"The Day After." Dir. Nicholas Meyers. Prod. Stephenie Austin. ABC Circle Films. 1983. Film.
This movie was probably the most influencial movie made during the Cold War, even causing U.S. President Ronald Reagan to rethink the descisions he was making on a full-scale nuclear war. It was important because we, after watching this movie, could finally comprehend the immense destruction caused by a nuclear bomb.
Newspapers
Abramson, Rudy. "Senate Panel Approves INF Treaty, 17-2." Los Angeles Times 31 Mar. 1988: n. pag. Http://articles.latimes.com. Web. 1 Apr. 2014.
This newspaper article showed how the INF Treaty was ratified in a way that could be easily described to the US citizens (unlike the several government books). From here, we learned the basic facts about the ratification of the INF Treaty, and it also lead us to another primary book, which gave us a more in-depth explaination.
Rasky, Susan F. "The Senate: Amendment Payload For Missile Pact Grows." New York Times 7 Dec. 1987: n. pag. Www.nytimes.com. Web. 16. Mar 2014.
This newspaper article was one of the (suprisingly) few newspaper articles about the INF Treaty. It was important to our research because it gave us a whole new perspective to look at the INF Treaty: the financial cost of the treaty. Here, it describes how much the INF Treaty would be costing for all of the inspections and disarmaments.
This newspaper article showed how the INF Treaty was ratified in a way that could be easily described to the US citizens (unlike the several government books). From here, we learned the basic facts about the ratification of the INF Treaty, and it also lead us to another primary book, which gave us a more in-depth explaination.
Rasky, Susan F. "The Senate: Amendment Payload For Missile Pact Grows." New York Times 7 Dec. 1987: n. pag. Www.nytimes.com. Web. 16. Mar 2014.
This newspaper article was one of the (suprisingly) few newspaper articles about the INF Treaty. It was important to our research because it gave us a whole new perspective to look at the INF Treaty: the financial cost of the treaty. Here, it describes how much the INF Treaty would be costing for all of the inspections and disarmaments.
Speeches
Gorbachev, Mikhail. "United Nations General Assembly, Provisional Verbatim Record of the Seventy-Second Meeting." Address to the 43rd United Nations General Assembly Session. United Nations Headquarters, New York City. 7 Dec. 1988. Speech.
This speech taught us how Mikhail Gorbachev was open to negotiations regarding the end of the Cold War, trying to peacefully end over 20 years of fighting. Gorbachev, in his speech, described how the USA and the Soviet Union must work together to end the Cold War.
Khrushchev, Nikita. "Shoe-banging Incident." 902nd Plenary Meeting of the UN General Assembly. United Nations, New York. 23 Sept. 1960. Speech.
This speech showed us how Nikita Khrushchev felt about the Americans in the Cold War. In his speech, he became extremely frustrated and, in the middle of his speech, began banging his shoe on the podium to emphasize his point how the Soviet Union would defeat the USA.
McNamara, Robert. "Mutual Deterrence." San Francisco. 18 Sept. 1967. Speech
This speech talked about the dangers of Mutual Assured Destruction, and showed the American public what could come if the Soviet Union and America did not work together to end the Cold War. Mr. McNamara told the people how dangerous Mutual Assured Destruction was if it was not stopped, and the lasting after-effects of it.
Reagan, Ronald. "Tear Down This Wall." Berlin Wall Speech. Brandenburg Gate, Berlin, Germany. 12 June 1987. Speech.
This very famous speech by Ronald Reagan in front of Brandenburg Gate politically attacked the Soviet Union and Mikhail Gorbachev about the Berlin Wall that divided Berlin. He also sympathized with the people of West Berlin and told them that they needed to work together in order to free East Berlin.
This speech taught us how Mikhail Gorbachev was open to negotiations regarding the end of the Cold War, trying to peacefully end over 20 years of fighting. Gorbachev, in his speech, described how the USA and the Soviet Union must work together to end the Cold War.
Khrushchev, Nikita. "Shoe-banging Incident." 902nd Plenary Meeting of the UN General Assembly. United Nations, New York. 23 Sept. 1960. Speech.
This speech showed us how Nikita Khrushchev felt about the Americans in the Cold War. In his speech, he became extremely frustrated and, in the middle of his speech, began banging his shoe on the podium to emphasize his point how the Soviet Union would defeat the USA.
McNamara, Robert. "Mutual Deterrence." San Francisco. 18 Sept. 1967. Speech
This speech talked about the dangers of Mutual Assured Destruction, and showed the American public what could come if the Soviet Union and America did not work together to end the Cold War. Mr. McNamara told the people how dangerous Mutual Assured Destruction was if it was not stopped, and the lasting after-effects of it.
Reagan, Ronald. "Tear Down This Wall." Berlin Wall Speech. Brandenburg Gate, Berlin, Germany. 12 June 1987. Speech.
This very famous speech by Ronald Reagan in front of Brandenburg Gate politically attacked the Soviet Union and Mikhail Gorbachev about the Berlin Wall that divided Berlin. He also sympathized with the people of West Berlin and told them that they needed to work together in order to free East Berlin.
Music
Joel, Billy. We Didn't Start the Fire. Columbia, 1989. MP3.
This song was a popular song, which described the Cold War to the American public. Most people during the time were less informed about the wars, so singers, such as Billy Joel, brought attention to the American public of the serious crisis of the war, in an attentive form such that people would be interested.
Sting. Russians. 1985. MP3.
This song discusses what happened in the Cold War and discusses how the public felt about the Cold War which was interesting because you usually hear more about the governments perspective than the peoples’.
This song was a popular song, which described the Cold War to the American public. Most people during the time were less informed about the wars, so singers, such as Billy Joel, brought attention to the American public of the serious crisis of the war, in an attentive form such that people would be interested.
Sting. Russians. 1985. MP3.
This song discusses what happened in the Cold War and discusses how the public felt about the Cold War which was interesting because you usually hear more about the governments perspective than the peoples’.
Treaties
"Intermin Agreement between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on Certain Measure with Respect to the Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms." SALT I Intermin Agreement. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Jan. 2014.
This treaty was useful to us because it described the kind of negotiations that the Soviets and the Americans had to go through in order to get to the final decision of signing the INF Treaty. The difficulties of the SALT I negotiation led to the creation of the SALT II negotiation pact.
"Nonproliferation Treaty of 1968 - HistoryWiz Primary Source Cold War." Nonproliferation Treaty of 1968 - HistoryWiz Primary Source Cold War. History Wiz, n.d. Web. 14 Jan. 2014. <http://www.historywiz.com/primarysources/nonproliferation.html>.
This treaty discusses terms that the US and Soviet Union have to apply to keep away from nuclear proliferation and how it will benefit each country. One of the most interesting parts of the treaty at the end of it talks about how the rulers of the US and Soviet Union have to meet 15 years later in Geneva, Switzerland to review the terms.
"Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on Strategic Offensive Reductions (START I)." NTI. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Feb. 2014. <http://www.nti.org/treaties-and-regimes/treaties-between-united-states-america-and-union-soviet-socialist-republics-strategic-offensive-reductions-start-i-start-ii/>.
This treaty was a major contributing factor to the INF Treaty, because it similarly restricted nuclear weapons after the Cold War, and indirectly worked with the INF Treaty. It was important to the INF Treaty because it found some of the loopholes that other nations might have found in the INF Treaty, and restricted them.
"Treaty Between The United States Of America And The Union Of Soviet Socialist Republics On The Elimination Of Their Intermediate-Range And Shorter-Range Missiles (INF Treaty)." U.S. Department of State. U.S. Department of State, n.d. Web. 14 Jan. 2014. <http://www.state.gov/t/avc/trty/102360.htm>.
This treaty was the entire foundation of our project and told us how the Soviet Union and the USA came to a consensus about how the treaty will benefit both nations, and will help prevent future nuclear wars. It also helped us realize that treaties that help end wars last a long time, and are still intact today.
"Treaty Between The United States of America and The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on The Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems (ABM Treaty)."U.S. Department of State. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Mar. 2014.
This treaty restricted the use of anti-ballistic missiles to up to 2 bases per country. Both of the nations agreed to this treaty, because they both feared the ability of their opponent to be able to stop their nuclear missiles. In 2002, George W. Bush pulled the USA out of the treaty.
"Treaty Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms, Together with Agreed Statements and Common Understandings Regarding the Treaty (SALT II)."James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Feb. 2014. <http://cns.miis.edu/inventory/pdfs/aptsaltII.pdf>.
As a continuation of the SALT I, this treaty helped show us how negotiations can fail, so new negotiations are required. The SALT II negotiation period was the negotiation that followed the INF Treaty, and was one of the main causes to the START treaty that fully restricted the use of nuclear weapons.
This treaty was useful to us because it described the kind of negotiations that the Soviets and the Americans had to go through in order to get to the final decision of signing the INF Treaty. The difficulties of the SALT I negotiation led to the creation of the SALT II negotiation pact.
"Nonproliferation Treaty of 1968 - HistoryWiz Primary Source Cold War." Nonproliferation Treaty of 1968 - HistoryWiz Primary Source Cold War. History Wiz, n.d. Web. 14 Jan. 2014. <http://www.historywiz.com/primarysources/nonproliferation.html>.
This treaty discusses terms that the US and Soviet Union have to apply to keep away from nuclear proliferation and how it will benefit each country. One of the most interesting parts of the treaty at the end of it talks about how the rulers of the US and Soviet Union have to meet 15 years later in Geneva, Switzerland to review the terms.
"Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on Strategic Offensive Reductions (START I)." NTI. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Feb. 2014. <http://www.nti.org/treaties-and-regimes/treaties-between-united-states-america-and-union-soviet-socialist-republics-strategic-offensive-reductions-start-i-start-ii/>.
This treaty was a major contributing factor to the INF Treaty, because it similarly restricted nuclear weapons after the Cold War, and indirectly worked with the INF Treaty. It was important to the INF Treaty because it found some of the loopholes that other nations might have found in the INF Treaty, and restricted them.
"Treaty Between The United States Of America And The Union Of Soviet Socialist Republics On The Elimination Of Their Intermediate-Range And Shorter-Range Missiles (INF Treaty)." U.S. Department of State. U.S. Department of State, n.d. Web. 14 Jan. 2014. <http://www.state.gov/t/avc/trty/102360.htm>.
This treaty was the entire foundation of our project and told us how the Soviet Union and the USA came to a consensus about how the treaty will benefit both nations, and will help prevent future nuclear wars. It also helped us realize that treaties that help end wars last a long time, and are still intact today.
"Treaty Between The United States of America and The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on The Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems (ABM Treaty)."U.S. Department of State. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Mar. 2014.
This treaty restricted the use of anti-ballistic missiles to up to 2 bases per country. Both of the nations agreed to this treaty, because they both feared the ability of their opponent to be able to stop their nuclear missiles. In 2002, George W. Bush pulled the USA out of the treaty.
"Treaty Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms, Together with Agreed Statements and Common Understandings Regarding the Treaty (SALT II)."James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Feb. 2014. <http://cns.miis.edu/inventory/pdfs/aptsaltII.pdf>.
As a continuation of the SALT I, this treaty helped show us how negotiations can fail, so new negotiations are required. The SALT II negotiation period was the negotiation that followed the INF Treaty, and was one of the main causes to the START treaty that fully restricted the use of nuclear weapons.
Interviews
Boschwitz, Rudolph. Personal Interview. 21 Feb. 2014.
We were able to speak with Senator Boschwitz, who was a former senator during Ronald Reagan’s presidency. He was one of the people who ratified the INF Treaty. This interview taught us how Reagan and Gorbachev came to the point where they signed the INF Treaty, and also what caused Reagan and Gorbachev to sign the treaty.
Burdette, Chad. Personal Interview. 4 Feb. 2014.
This interview taught us how the Americans placed engineers and soldiers in West Germany, and in retaliation, the Soviet Union placed nuclear missiles in Cuba. This interview also taught us the immense cost of building nuclear weapons, and how they were never used for their original purpose, which is attacking the opposing side.
Guralnik, Valerie. Personal Interview. 23 Apr. 2014.
This interview taught us how the Soviet people felt during the Cold War and how they felt about Mikhail Gorabchev's policies of glassnost and perestroika. This interview was extremely important because we did not know much about how the Soviet people felt about Gorbachev, and about the INF Treaty.
We were able to speak with Senator Boschwitz, who was a former senator during Ronald Reagan’s presidency. He was one of the people who ratified the INF Treaty. This interview taught us how Reagan and Gorbachev came to the point where they signed the INF Treaty, and also what caused Reagan and Gorbachev to sign the treaty.
Burdette, Chad. Personal Interview. 4 Feb. 2014.
This interview taught us how the Americans placed engineers and soldiers in West Germany, and in retaliation, the Soviet Union placed nuclear missiles in Cuba. This interview also taught us the immense cost of building nuclear weapons, and how they were never used for their original purpose, which is attacking the opposing side.
Guralnik, Valerie. Personal Interview. 23 Apr. 2014.
This interview taught us how the Soviet people felt during the Cold War and how they felt about Mikhail Gorabchev's policies of glassnost and perestroika. This interview was extremely important because we did not know much about how the Soviet people felt about Gorbachev, and about the INF Treaty.
Secondary
Websites
"Atlas Rocket." Atlas Rocket. Century of Flight, n.d. Web. 14 Jan. 2014. <http://www.century-of-flight.net/Aviation history/space/Atlas.htm>.
This article detailed highlighted the fine points of a famous missile-turned-space rocket. It helped us learn how, after the INF Treaty, many previous nuclear weapons were turned into more beneficial tools, such as space shuttles and nuclear power supplies. It also showed how long these nuclear missiles could last.
"Cold War." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 16 Jan. 2014.
http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war
This article gave us a brief yet descriptive summary of the INF Treaty and its role in the Cold War. It was a great place to begin our research, and gave us the right keywords and important topics within the INF Treaty, such as MAD and the SALT negotiations.
"Cold War: The Soviet Perspectives" Various Authors. Date Unknown
http://www.ibiblio.org/expo/soviet.exhibit/coldwar.html
This article discussed only the Soviet Union's perspective on the Cold War and why they knew they needed to end the Cold War or suffer from extreme debt. We learned about the Soviet perspective that you don’t hear about as much in America in this article and that helped us with the short-term causes page.
Collina, Tom Z., and Travis Sharp. "Event Transcript: START Follow-On Treaty: Assessing Progress on Nuclear Risk Reduction." Arms Control Association. N.p., 9 Dec. 2009. Web. 17 Jan. 2014. <https://www.armscontrol.org/pressroom/StartFollowonBriefing>
This article showed us the progress made by both the Soviet Union and America on reducing the risk of nuclear warfare over the time period between the end of the Cold War and the signing of the INF Treaty, to the current time that we are in. Thankfully, the risk seems to be declining. This article also showed the effect of the START Treaty on the reduction of nuclear risk.
Crump, Laurien. "Closing Ranks or Drifting Apart?" Parallel History Project of Cooperative Security. N.p., 8 June 2011. Web. 2 Mar. 2014. <http://www.php.isn.ethz.ch/publications/E-dossiers/Crump.cfm>.
This article spoke about how the Warsaw Pact and NATO fought during the Cold War. It also spoke about how NATO had the advantage against the Warsaw Pact, and how the Warsaw Pact was on the verge of collapsing, which it did on July 1, 1991, shortly before the collapse of the Soviet Union.
Cuban Missile Crisis. Harvard Kennedy School's Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, 2012. Web. 2 Mar. 2014. <http://www.cubanmissilecrisis.org/>.
This website, created by the Harvard Kennedy School of Government in order to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Cuban Missile Crisis, gave us an in-depth experience of the crisis, complete with primary documents and images. We were able to learn, from this website, the basics of the Cuban Missile Crisis.
Davis, Lynn E. "Lessons of the INF Treaty." Global. Foreign Affairs, 1998. Web. 14 Jan. 2014. <http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/43068/lynn-e-davis/lessons-of-the-inf-treaty>.
This article taught us the important information that we needed in order to find many of the effects of the INF Treaty, as many websites do not talk about the after-effects of the INF Treaty. Also, this article taught us about the following peace upholded by the INF Treaty, and how the Soviet Union and America never quite becoming mutual allies again.
"End of Cold War Collection." Wilson Center Digital Archives. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Feb. 2014. <http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/collection/37/end-of-the-cold-war>.
This website provided us with lots of historic documents before, during, and after the Cold War and the signing of the INF Treaty, marking the end of the Cold War. It provided us with telegrams, photos, conversations, intelligence papers, and other sources.
ICBMs and the Cold War." ICBMs and the Cold War. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Jan. 2014.
http://home.earthlink.net/~danielsage17/cold_war.htm
This was one of the many articles that discusses the Cold War as a whole, not a specific part, but most of things that they talked about I hadn’t seen on other websites, such as the fact that there was a small group of planes that had been designed to carry IRBMs but were halted due to unfinished production at the end of the Cold War.
NATO. North Atlantic Treaty Organization, n.d. Web. 2 Mar. 2014. <www.nato.int>.
This is the website for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. In this website, we were able to find many collections of conversations between people involved in NATO, and it also included information of NATO’s rivalry between the Warsaw Pact. It also gave us primary documents about the Eastern Bloc.
"Nuclear Proliferation Collection." Wilson Center Digital Archives. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Feb. 2014. <http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/collection/63/nuclear-proliferation>.
This website provided us with lots of historic documents before, during, and after the Cold War and the signing of the INF Treaty. It provided us with telegrams, photos, conversations, intelligence papers, and other sources. It also contained information concerning the creation and eventual shutdown of nuclear proliferation.
No Time to Talk: The Cuban Missile Crisis. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Mar. 2014. <http://www.october1962.com/>.
This website showed us an amazing timeline of the Cuban Missile Crisis, which helped us chronologize the events that occurred before, during and after the crisis. It also contained interviews with specialists and witnesses from the time period.
"Ronald Reagan." The White House. The White House, n.d. Web. 02 Mar. 2014. <http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/ronaldreagan/>.
This article taught us the basic overview of Ronald Reagan, and gave us adequate information about Reagan’s time in the White House. It also led us to find some other sources and helped us first understand the negotiations that went into the INF Treaty.
"Soviet Propaganda." Russian Archives Online. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Feb. 2014.
<http://www.russianarchives.com/gallery/posters/index.html>.
This website showed us the Soviet’s propaganda during the Cold War, and gave us information on how the Soviets perceived the Cold War and America, then how they relayed that information to the public, and how similar it was to the American’s propaganda.
"SALT I and II." Cold War Museum. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Jan. 2014.
http://www.coldwar.org/articles/70s/SALTIandII.asp
This article talks about what SALT I and II say and put it into laymans terms so that it was easier for us to comprehend. One of the things that wasn’t as good about it though, was that he didn’t explain real well the concept of MAD and only briefly touched on it.
"START I." U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Feb. 2014. <http://dosfan.lib.uic.edu/acda/st1.htm>.
This website helped explain to us the confusing topic of START and how it differentiated from the INF Treaty. It gave us facts about the limitations that START placed down, and how the INF Treaty and START worked indirectly together to restrict the use of nuclear weapons.
"Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT)." Encyclopedia - Britannica Online Encyclopedia. 2010. Web. 28 May 2010. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/568184/Strategic-Arms-Limitation-Talks>.
This encyclopedia article helped us understand how the the SALT negotiations impacted the INF Treaty and vice versa. It made numerous references to MAD and the INF Treaty, and also referenced the START Treaty many times. It was a vital source because it gave credited information to us and cross-referenced other sources that we checked.
"Soviet Nuclear History." Wilson Center Digital Archives. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Feb. 2014. <http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/collection/79/soviet-nuclear-history>.
This website provided us with lots of historic documents before, during, and after the Cold War and the signing of the INF Treaty on the topic of the Soviet’s nuclear progress and demise. It provided us with telegrams, photos, conversations, intelligence papers, and other sources.
"The Earl E. Myers Story, Introduction by Web Site Manager and Developer." The Earl E. Myers Story, Introduction by Web Site Manager and Developer. Cold War Museum, n.d. Web. 13 Jan. 2014.
This article helped us understand how it was like fighting in the Cold War, especially manning the Western Front, in Germany, against the Soviet Union. It followed the experiences of a soldier stationed in Germany, Earl E. Meyers, and the constant threat of a Soviet attack. It was a great way of learning how the Cold War affected the lives of people personally.
"The Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty at a Glance." Arms Control Association. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Jan. 2014. <http://www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/INFtreaty>.
This article helped us analyze and comprehend the difficult phrases that the INF Treaty was written in, by breaking the treaty down, and explaining it in a more moderate way. It also gave us a descriptive timeline-like paragraph that helped us analyze the history and effects of the INF Treaty.
Tikkanen, Amy. "Intermediate-Range Nuclear Force Treaty." Encyclopedia Britannica. N.p., 24 Oct. 2006. Web. 4 Feb. 2014. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/290411/Intermediate-Range-Nuclear-Forces-Treaty
This encyclopedia article was a valuable source to us because of its additional information that we found unavailable anywhere else, as it defined extra information that we could not find on other websites. It was also a vital source because it gave credited information to us and cross-referenced other sources that we checked.
"This Week in EUCOM History" United States European Command. N.p., 6 Feb. 2012. Web. 17 Jan. 2014. <http://www.eucom.mil/article/23076/this-week-in-eucom-history>.
This collection of articles helped us understand the events that were revolving around the INF Treaty. It included little known events of the Cold War that both preceded and followed the signing of the INF Treaty. It was useful, because the little details helped describe the big picture of the Cold War.
“Top 10 Longest Range Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles” Author Unknown. November 4, 2013 <http://www.army-technology.com/features/feature-the-10-longest-range-intercontinental-ballistic-missiles-icbm/>
This article told the top 10 ranges of ICBMs around the world and showed us how far nuclear missiles really can travel. The article also showed how much the ICBM and IRBM ranges have increased since the 1960s, when the Cold War happened, to today.
This article detailed highlighted the fine points of a famous missile-turned-space rocket. It helped us learn how, after the INF Treaty, many previous nuclear weapons were turned into more beneficial tools, such as space shuttles and nuclear power supplies. It also showed how long these nuclear missiles could last.
"Cold War." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 16 Jan. 2014.
http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war
This article gave us a brief yet descriptive summary of the INF Treaty and its role in the Cold War. It was a great place to begin our research, and gave us the right keywords and important topics within the INF Treaty, such as MAD and the SALT negotiations.
"Cold War: The Soviet Perspectives" Various Authors. Date Unknown
http://www.ibiblio.org/expo/soviet.exhibit/coldwar.html
This article discussed only the Soviet Union's perspective on the Cold War and why they knew they needed to end the Cold War or suffer from extreme debt. We learned about the Soviet perspective that you don’t hear about as much in America in this article and that helped us with the short-term causes page.
Collina, Tom Z., and Travis Sharp. "Event Transcript: START Follow-On Treaty: Assessing Progress on Nuclear Risk Reduction." Arms Control Association. N.p., 9 Dec. 2009. Web. 17 Jan. 2014. <https://www.armscontrol.org/pressroom/StartFollowonBriefing>
This article showed us the progress made by both the Soviet Union and America on reducing the risk of nuclear warfare over the time period between the end of the Cold War and the signing of the INF Treaty, to the current time that we are in. Thankfully, the risk seems to be declining. This article also showed the effect of the START Treaty on the reduction of nuclear risk.
Crump, Laurien. "Closing Ranks or Drifting Apart?" Parallel History Project of Cooperative Security. N.p., 8 June 2011. Web. 2 Mar. 2014. <http://www.php.isn.ethz.ch/publications/E-dossiers/Crump.cfm>.
This article spoke about how the Warsaw Pact and NATO fought during the Cold War. It also spoke about how NATO had the advantage against the Warsaw Pact, and how the Warsaw Pact was on the verge of collapsing, which it did on July 1, 1991, shortly before the collapse of the Soviet Union.
Cuban Missile Crisis. Harvard Kennedy School's Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, 2012. Web. 2 Mar. 2014. <http://www.cubanmissilecrisis.org/>.
This website, created by the Harvard Kennedy School of Government in order to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Cuban Missile Crisis, gave us an in-depth experience of the crisis, complete with primary documents and images. We were able to learn, from this website, the basics of the Cuban Missile Crisis.
Davis, Lynn E. "Lessons of the INF Treaty." Global. Foreign Affairs, 1998. Web. 14 Jan. 2014. <http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/43068/lynn-e-davis/lessons-of-the-inf-treaty>.
This article taught us the important information that we needed in order to find many of the effects of the INF Treaty, as many websites do not talk about the after-effects of the INF Treaty. Also, this article taught us about the following peace upholded by the INF Treaty, and how the Soviet Union and America never quite becoming mutual allies again.
"End of Cold War Collection." Wilson Center Digital Archives. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Feb. 2014. <http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/collection/37/end-of-the-cold-war>.
This website provided us with lots of historic documents before, during, and after the Cold War and the signing of the INF Treaty, marking the end of the Cold War. It provided us with telegrams, photos, conversations, intelligence papers, and other sources.
ICBMs and the Cold War." ICBMs and the Cold War. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Jan. 2014.
http://home.earthlink.net/~danielsage17/cold_war.htm
This was one of the many articles that discusses the Cold War as a whole, not a specific part, but most of things that they talked about I hadn’t seen on other websites, such as the fact that there was a small group of planes that had been designed to carry IRBMs but were halted due to unfinished production at the end of the Cold War.
NATO. North Atlantic Treaty Organization, n.d. Web. 2 Mar. 2014. <www.nato.int>.
This is the website for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. In this website, we were able to find many collections of conversations between people involved in NATO, and it also included information of NATO’s rivalry between the Warsaw Pact. It also gave us primary documents about the Eastern Bloc.
"Nuclear Proliferation Collection." Wilson Center Digital Archives. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Feb. 2014. <http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/collection/63/nuclear-proliferation>.
This website provided us with lots of historic documents before, during, and after the Cold War and the signing of the INF Treaty. It provided us with telegrams, photos, conversations, intelligence papers, and other sources. It also contained information concerning the creation and eventual shutdown of nuclear proliferation.
No Time to Talk: The Cuban Missile Crisis. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Mar. 2014. <http://www.october1962.com/>.
This website showed us an amazing timeline of the Cuban Missile Crisis, which helped us chronologize the events that occurred before, during and after the crisis. It also contained interviews with specialists and witnesses from the time period.
"Ronald Reagan." The White House. The White House, n.d. Web. 02 Mar. 2014. <http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/ronaldreagan/>.
This article taught us the basic overview of Ronald Reagan, and gave us adequate information about Reagan’s time in the White House. It also led us to find some other sources and helped us first understand the negotiations that went into the INF Treaty.
"Soviet Propaganda." Russian Archives Online. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Feb. 2014.
<http://www.russianarchives.com/gallery/posters/index.html>.
This website showed us the Soviet’s propaganda during the Cold War, and gave us information on how the Soviets perceived the Cold War and America, then how they relayed that information to the public, and how similar it was to the American’s propaganda.
"SALT I and II." Cold War Museum. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Jan. 2014.
http://www.coldwar.org/articles/70s/SALTIandII.asp
This article talks about what SALT I and II say and put it into laymans terms so that it was easier for us to comprehend. One of the things that wasn’t as good about it though, was that he didn’t explain real well the concept of MAD and only briefly touched on it.
"START I." U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Feb. 2014. <http://dosfan.lib.uic.edu/acda/st1.htm>.
This website helped explain to us the confusing topic of START and how it differentiated from the INF Treaty. It gave us facts about the limitations that START placed down, and how the INF Treaty and START worked indirectly together to restrict the use of nuclear weapons.
"Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT)." Encyclopedia - Britannica Online Encyclopedia. 2010. Web. 28 May 2010. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/568184/Strategic-Arms-Limitation-Talks>.
This encyclopedia article helped us understand how the the SALT negotiations impacted the INF Treaty and vice versa. It made numerous references to MAD and the INF Treaty, and also referenced the START Treaty many times. It was a vital source because it gave credited information to us and cross-referenced other sources that we checked.
"Soviet Nuclear History." Wilson Center Digital Archives. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Feb. 2014. <http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/collection/79/soviet-nuclear-history>.
This website provided us with lots of historic documents before, during, and after the Cold War and the signing of the INF Treaty on the topic of the Soviet’s nuclear progress and demise. It provided us with telegrams, photos, conversations, intelligence papers, and other sources.
"The Earl E. Myers Story, Introduction by Web Site Manager and Developer." The Earl E. Myers Story, Introduction by Web Site Manager and Developer. Cold War Museum, n.d. Web. 13 Jan. 2014.
This article helped us understand how it was like fighting in the Cold War, especially manning the Western Front, in Germany, against the Soviet Union. It followed the experiences of a soldier stationed in Germany, Earl E. Meyers, and the constant threat of a Soviet attack. It was a great way of learning how the Cold War affected the lives of people personally.
"The Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty at a Glance." Arms Control Association. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Jan. 2014. <http://www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/INFtreaty>.
This article helped us analyze and comprehend the difficult phrases that the INF Treaty was written in, by breaking the treaty down, and explaining it in a more moderate way. It also gave us a descriptive timeline-like paragraph that helped us analyze the history and effects of the INF Treaty.
Tikkanen, Amy. "Intermediate-Range Nuclear Force Treaty." Encyclopedia Britannica. N.p., 24 Oct. 2006. Web. 4 Feb. 2014. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/290411/Intermediate-Range-Nuclear-Forces-Treaty
This encyclopedia article was a valuable source to us because of its additional information that we found unavailable anywhere else, as it defined extra information that we could not find on other websites. It was also a vital source because it gave credited information to us and cross-referenced other sources that we checked.
"This Week in EUCOM History" United States European Command. N.p., 6 Feb. 2012. Web. 17 Jan. 2014. <http://www.eucom.mil/article/23076/this-week-in-eucom-history>.
This collection of articles helped us understand the events that were revolving around the INF Treaty. It included little known events of the Cold War that both preceded and followed the signing of the INF Treaty. It was useful, because the little details helped describe the big picture of the Cold War.
“Top 10 Longest Range Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles” Author Unknown. November 4, 2013 <http://www.army-technology.com/features/feature-the-10-longest-range-intercontinental-ballistic-missiles-icbm/>
This article told the top 10 ranges of ICBMs around the world and showed us how far nuclear missiles really can travel. The article also showed how much the ICBM and IRBM ranges have increased since the 1960s, when the Cold War happened, to today.
Books
Blohm, Craig E. Weapons of Peace: The Nuclear Arms Race. San Diego: Lucent, 2003. Print.
This book talks about the crazy processes the Soviet Union and US went through to acquire the resources used to create IRBMs and how that affected them in the future. I learned how hard it is to truly achieve access to the resources necessary to build a nuclear weapon.
Cozic, Charles P., and Karin Swisher. Nuclear Proliferation: Opposing Viewpoints. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven, 1992. Print.
This book described to us the differences between the Soviet Union and America, and how they had different opinions on the use of nuclear weapons. It helped us see the Cold War in the eyes of not only the United States, but also in the eyes of the Soviet Union. It also showed how the two nations overcame their differences and worked together to sign the INF Treaty.
Lindsey-French, Julian. NATO. Oxon, UK: Taylor & Francis, 2006.
This book described what NATO was, and its priorities were when it was formed, which was to provide a collective defense against the Eastern Bloc. It also explained its role in the Cold War, and how it was involved in the front-line offensives between the United States and the Soviet Union. Finally, it goes over the organization’s rivalry between the Warsaw Pact.
Mann, James. The Rebellion of Ronald Reagan: A History of the End of the Cold War. New York, NY: Viking, 2009. Print.
This book was important to our perspective hunts in our research, as it covers the vast expanse on why President Ronald Reagan continued to fight the Cold War and what caused him to finally sign the INF Treaty with Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev.
Mastny, Vojtech, and Malcolm Byrne. A Cardboard Castle?: An Inside History of the Warsaw Pact, 1955-1991. New York: Central European UP, 2005. Print.
This book previews the fundamentals of the Warsaw Pact, and its role in the Cold War. It also helped us by teaching how the Eastern Bloc thought about the West and NATO. It highlights the key objectives of the organization, and finally its demise in 1991. It also contained a full copy of the Treaty signed.
Parrish, Thomas. The Cold War Encyclopedia. New York: H. Holt, 1996. Print.
This book described much of the Cold War, and focused in depth on the SALT negotiations, the START and INF treaties and the many causes and effects of the INF Treaty. The sort of detail that this book went into is remarkable, and was very precise detailing the conditions of the INF Treaty.
Schmemann, Serge. When the Wall Came Down: The Berlin Wall and the Fall of Soviet Communism. Boston: Kingfisher, 2006. Print.
This book was helpful to us, as it documented the tumultuous state of Germany, primarily Berlin, during the Cold War period. It also described some of the causes for the Cold War, including the communistic state that the Soviet Union was in. Finally, it described the effect of the INF Treaty, one of which being the collapse of the Berlin Wall.
This book talks about the crazy processes the Soviet Union and US went through to acquire the resources used to create IRBMs and how that affected them in the future. I learned how hard it is to truly achieve access to the resources necessary to build a nuclear weapon.
Cozic, Charles P., and Karin Swisher. Nuclear Proliferation: Opposing Viewpoints. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven, 1992. Print.
This book described to us the differences between the Soviet Union and America, and how they had different opinions on the use of nuclear weapons. It helped us see the Cold War in the eyes of not only the United States, but also in the eyes of the Soviet Union. It also showed how the two nations overcame their differences and worked together to sign the INF Treaty.
Lindsey-French, Julian. NATO. Oxon, UK: Taylor & Francis, 2006.
This book described what NATO was, and its priorities were when it was formed, which was to provide a collective defense against the Eastern Bloc. It also explained its role in the Cold War, and how it was involved in the front-line offensives between the United States and the Soviet Union. Finally, it goes over the organization’s rivalry between the Warsaw Pact.
Mann, James. The Rebellion of Ronald Reagan: A History of the End of the Cold War. New York, NY: Viking, 2009. Print.
This book was important to our perspective hunts in our research, as it covers the vast expanse on why President Ronald Reagan continued to fight the Cold War and what caused him to finally sign the INF Treaty with Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev.
Mastny, Vojtech, and Malcolm Byrne. A Cardboard Castle?: An Inside History of the Warsaw Pact, 1955-1991. New York: Central European UP, 2005. Print.
This book previews the fundamentals of the Warsaw Pact, and its role in the Cold War. It also helped us by teaching how the Eastern Bloc thought about the West and NATO. It highlights the key objectives of the organization, and finally its demise in 1991. It also contained a full copy of the Treaty signed.
Parrish, Thomas. The Cold War Encyclopedia. New York: H. Holt, 1996. Print.
This book described much of the Cold War, and focused in depth on the SALT negotiations, the START and INF treaties and the many causes and effects of the INF Treaty. The sort of detail that this book went into is remarkable, and was very precise detailing the conditions of the INF Treaty.
Schmemann, Serge. When the Wall Came Down: The Berlin Wall and the Fall of Soviet Communism. Boston: Kingfisher, 2006. Print.
This book was helpful to us, as it documented the tumultuous state of Germany, primarily Berlin, during the Cold War period. It also described some of the causes for the Cold War, including the communistic state that the Soviet Union was in. Finally, it described the effect of the INF Treaty, one of which being the collapse of the Berlin Wall.
Films/Documentaries
“America in the 20th Century: The Cold War.” Discovery Education. n.d. Web. 14 Jan. 2014.
<http://wayzata.discoveryeducation.com/player/view/assetGuid/3C013878-1512-43A1-AD4A-94EF5B238E70>
This documentary was helpful to us, as it chronologically described the sequences before and after the signing of the INF Treaty. It also used some actual quotes from the war and provided a descriptive scenario of the INF Treaty and its causes. This documentary was narrated in an attentive form and was very informational.
<http://wayzata.discoveryeducation.com/player/view/assetGuid/3C013878-1512-43A1-AD4A-94EF5B238E70>
This documentary was helpful to us, as it chronologically described the sequences before and after the signing of the INF Treaty. It also used some actual quotes from the war and provided a descriptive scenario of the INF Treaty and its causes. This documentary was narrated in an attentive form and was very informational.
Newspapers
Payne, Keith B., and Mark B. Schneider. "The Nuclear Treaty Russia Won't Stop Violating." Wall Street Journel. N.p., 11 Feb. 2014. Web. 28 Mar. 2014
This newspaper article was very important towards our research because it was the article that first got us interested in the INF Treaty. It describes how Vladimir Putin and Russia has begun to build a new ICBM (Intercontinental Ballistic Missile), and how the USA began accusing them of violating the INF Treaty. This got us curious on what the INF Treaty does and what role it played today.
This newspaper article was very important towards our research because it was the article that first got us interested in the INF Treaty. It describes how Vladimir Putin and Russia has begun to build a new ICBM (Intercontinental Ballistic Missile), and how the USA began accusing them of violating the INF Treaty. This got us curious on what the INF Treaty does and what role it played today.
Music
The Scorpions. Winds of Change. 1990. MP3.
This song was a good source for us, as it provided us a public outlook at the end of the Cold War. However, it was difficult to analyze and decrypt the metaphorical statements made by the band, The Scorpions. The words of the song essentially describe the end of the Cold War through a “wind of change”, which symbolizes a new era after the Cold War.
This song was a good source for us, as it provided us a public outlook at the end of the Cold War. However, it was difficult to analyze and decrypt the metaphorical statements made by the band, The Scorpions. The words of the song essentially describe the end of the Cold War through a “wind of change”, which symbolizes a new era after the Cold War.
Speeches
Vershbow, Alexander. (2012, May). NATO's vision for missile defense cooperation with Russia. Speech presented to the Moscow Missile Defense Conference. Moscow, Russia.
This speech, given by Alexander Vershbow, was an important resource for us, because it helped us look at the level of cooperation between NATO and Russia in the 1980’s and the level of cooperations in the 21st century. The speech helped us consider the effect of the Cold War on the Soviet Union/Russia, reducing its cooperative spirit.
This speech, given by Alexander Vershbow, was an important resource for us, because it helped us look at the level of cooperation between NATO and Russia in the 1980’s and the level of cooperations in the 21st century. The speech helped us consider the effect of the Cold War on the Soviet Union/Russia, reducing its cooperative spirit.
Interviews
Evans, Scott. Telephone Interview. 5 Feb. 2014.
This interview taught us how the Russians continued to defy the INF Treaty and continued to fight the Cold War, and American ships had to track renegade Russian submarines. Mr. Evans explained to us the differences between the Russians and Americans, not politically, but militaristically as well.
Joo, Seung-Ho. E-mail Interview. 1 Mar. 2014.
This interview with Professor Joo, who is a professor at the University of Minnesota for History, taught us how other parties were involved in the Cold War and the INF Treaty, such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and Warsaw Pact. It also taught us how well the INF Treaty is being upholded today.
Nitze, Paul. Interview by Academy Of Achievement. Achievement.org. N.p., 20 Oct. 1990. Web. 5 Feb. 2014. <http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/printmember/nit0int-1>.
This interview helped explain to us how the “minor” politicians of the two nations were involved in the signing of the INF Treaty, and how they personally felt about the war itself. Mr. Nitze described, from a different point of view, how the nations felt about fighting each other and signing the treaty together.
Sigler, John F. Interview. The National Security Archive. N.p., 18 Dec. 1997. Web. 5 Feb. 2014. <http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/coldwar/interviews/episode-24/sigler1.html>.
This interview explained to us how soldiers, especially aboard ships that were decommissioned, felt during the Cold War. The admiral was not directly involved within the treaty, but showed how he witnessed many of the Soviets involved with the treaty.
This interview taught us how the Russians continued to defy the INF Treaty and continued to fight the Cold War, and American ships had to track renegade Russian submarines. Mr. Evans explained to us the differences between the Russians and Americans, not politically, but militaristically as well.
Joo, Seung-Ho. E-mail Interview. 1 Mar. 2014.
This interview with Professor Joo, who is a professor at the University of Minnesota for History, taught us how other parties were involved in the Cold War and the INF Treaty, such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and Warsaw Pact. It also taught us how well the INF Treaty is being upholded today.
Nitze, Paul. Interview by Academy Of Achievement. Achievement.org. N.p., 20 Oct. 1990. Web. 5 Feb. 2014. <http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/printmember/nit0int-1>.
This interview helped explain to us how the “minor” politicians of the two nations were involved in the signing of the INF Treaty, and how they personally felt about the war itself. Mr. Nitze described, from a different point of view, how the nations felt about fighting each other and signing the treaty together.
Sigler, John F. Interview. The National Security Archive. N.p., 18 Dec. 1997. Web. 5 Feb. 2014. <http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/coldwar/interviews/episode-24/sigler1.html>.
This interview explained to us how soldiers, especially aboard ships that were decommissioned, felt during the Cold War. The admiral was not directly involved within the treaty, but showed how he witnessed many of the Soviets involved with the treaty.
Images
"Cuban Missile Crisis." Cartoon. JISC Digitisation and Content Programme. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. http://www.johndclare.net/images/Armwrestling.gif
This image shows JFK arm wrestling with Kruschev and demonstrates how no one ever really won the Cold War.
"Kennedy Orders Blockade of Cuba As Reds Build Nuclear Bases There; U.S. Will Sink Defiant Ships." The Huffington Post n.d., Final ed.: 1. The Huffington Post. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. jspivey.wikispaces.com/The+Cuba+Crisis
This image shows President John F. Kennedy ordering a blockade of Cuba, as long as the Soviet Union is building nuclear weapons. It shows that President Kennedy was willing to go to extreme measures in order to protect the United States.
Nuclear Weapons Testing. N.d. Photograph. Wikipedia. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_weapons_testing
This image shows the devastating power of the nuclear weapons rippling across a deserted field. This image helps explain why the INF Treaty was crucial in protecting the world from nuclear weapons.
Breaking the Cycle and Building a Better World. N.d. Photograph. Open Salon. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. open.salon.com/breaking_the_cycle_and_building_a_better_world_nonato
This image shows protesters protesting against NATO for its unfair regulations. It shows how the protests in the 1970’s were very similar, as in both time periods, the protesters were fighting against NATO for what they caused.
Ronald Reagan- Signing the INF Treaty with Gorbachev. 1987. Photograph.History.com. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. http://www.history.com/photos/ronald-reagan/photo13
This image shows President Ronald Reagan signing the INF Treaty with Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev, thus ending the Cold War. It demonstrates how peaceful negotiations and treaties are a much better solutions to ending wars, rather than violence leading to Mutual Assured Destruction.
The Day After- Theatrical Poster. 1983. Photograph. NPR. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1514779
This image is the theatrical poster for the movie, The Day After. This film was actually important because it showed the public how dangerous nuclear weapons could be, and was one of the factors for the public protests. In addition, Ronald Reagan was inspired to end the Cold War after watching this film, fearing that it will become reality.
Megatons-to-Megawatts Logo. Digital image. USEC. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. http://www.usec.com/russian-contracts/megatons-megawatts
This image shows the United States and Russia’s flags crossed, displaying teamwork. It was the logo of the Megawatts-to-Megatons act, which had the Russians transport 20,000 decommissioned missiles to America, so that they could generate power.
Forgotten Soviet Submarine. N.d. Photograph. Urban Ghosts Media. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. http://www.urbanghostsmedia.com/2011/08/forgotten-soviet-submarine-graveyard-kola-peninsula/
This image shows a deserted Soviet submarine lying in a shipyard in Murmansk, Russia. These was common in the shipyard, because these ships were nuclear submarines that were decommissioned in accordance to the INF Treaty, so they were abandoned.
TIME Magazine Cover. 1983. Photograph. TIME Magazine. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. http://content.time.com/time/magazine/0,9263,7601830131,00.html
This image is a magazine cover from the Cold War that shows a IRBM taking off. It is showing how tensions were rising in both America and the Soviet Union, and if it is not solved soon, there could be deadly reproccursions.
Mikhail Gorbachev. 1987. Photograph. Wikipedia. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev
This is a photo of Mikhail Gorbachev, the Soviet Union’s General Secretary, giving a speech at the signing of the INF Treaty. Gorbachev’s openness to work with America and President Ronald Reagan was a crucial reason why the Cold War was ended so soon, otherwise it might have gone on for many more years.
Reagan and Gorbachev Signing the INF Treaty. 1987. Photograph. Wikipedia. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Reagan_and_Gorbachev_signing.jpg
This image shows Reagan and Gorbachev signing the INF treaty and one interesting fact is that in the photo they are smiling even though it is a great time of tensions.
Tsar Bomba Casing in Museum. N.d. Photograph. Wikimedia. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tsar_Bomba_Chelyabinsk-70.jpg
This image shows the Tsar Bomba (or in Russian: King Bomb), the largest hydrogen bomb ever created. Because of the creation of the Tsar Bomba, the Americans became afraid of the lengths that the Soviets were headed towards, and became open to negotiations after its creation.
USAF Titan II Underground Launch Complex. N.d. Photograph. Frontier Web. 01 Feb. 2014. http://w3.uwyo.edu/~jimkirk/titan2.html
This image shows a map of the United States Air Force’s underground launch complex for the ICBM, Titan II. The launch complex was designed such that, one of the two cylindrical complexes would act as the launch center for Titan II, and the other complex would be for operations and commands, as well as the basic needs for the site’s personnel.
Pens
http://www.parker75.addr.com/Reference/Treaty_75s/INF_Treaty.htm
Reagan and Gorbachev shaking hands in front of flag
http://www.nbcnews.com/id/5145921/ns/us_news-the_legacy_of_ronald_reagan/
Satan SS-20
http://www.titan-ii.com/LGM25C.html
NATO Flag
http://www.nato.int/multi/natologo.htm
LGM-25C Titan II
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intercontinental_ballistic_missile
Time: Who has the Bomb?
http://blog.nuclearsecrecy.com/2012/04/06/friday-images-atomic-time-magazine
SS-18
http://www.voanews.com/content/reu-russia-plans-new-icbm-to-replace-cold-war-satan-missile/1812053.html
American Pershing II
http://www.historywiz.com/armsrace.htm
Time: The Missile
http://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19560130,00.html
Titan
http://www.wired.com/thisdayintech/2009/02/feb-6-1959-titan-launches-cold-war-heats-up-2/
Time: The Summit
http://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19851118,00.html
Hiroshima Nuclear explosion
http://petapixel.com/2013/02/18/photos-from-the-worlds-first-underwater-nuclear-explosion/
Time: Star Wars
http://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19860623,00.html
America under Communism
http://www.prtaylor.gatech.edu/wordpress/1102m1/2013/11/20/the-publics-paranoia/
Nagasaki Nuclear Blast
http://jcolavito.tripod.com/lostcivilizations/id44.html
Tsar Bomba Nuclear Blast
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsar_Bomba
French Nuclear Explosion
http://www.thedailysheeple.com/is-the-threat-of-an-iranian-nuke-real-or-just-propaganda_092012/nuclear-bomb-explosion
Russian Nuclear Missile Transporter
http://logicum.co/the-icbm/
Minuteman III
http://defensetech.org/2010/04/12/gates-says-u-s-has-conventionally-armed-icbms/
Russia’s “New Satan”
http://submarinersworld.blogspot.com/2012/09/new-russian-icbm-can-carry-bigger.html
Henry Kissinger with Andrei Gromyko
http://online.usip.org/negotiation/1_2_1.php
Signing the NPT Treaty
http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/nukevault/ebb253/
Glassboro Summit Conference
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glassboro_Summit_Conference
SALT I
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strategic_Arms_Limitation_Talks
ABM Treaty
http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1795.html
Reykjavik Summit
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reykjav%C3%ADk_Summit
US and USSR Nuclear Stockpiles
http://iipdigital.usembassy.gov/st/english/publication/2010/02/20100222190335ebyessedo3.511554e-02.html#axzz2v2oGdIUq
US and USSR defense budgets
http://dept.lamar.edu/polisci/true/true_art_tlp.html
Reagan and Gorbachev in front of Hotel Houif
http://www.britannica.com/blogs/2011/10/thawing-iceland-reagan-gorbachev-summit-photo-day/
Reagan and Gorbachev in front of fireplace
http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2043087_2043088_2043108,00.html
Reagan and Gorbachev in Hotel Houif
http://www.thereaganvision.org/the-reykjavik-summit-the-story/
Reagan and Gorbachev in Reagan’s office
http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/photographs/gorby.html
Reagan and Gorbachev
http://www.history.com/photos/ronald-reagan/photo12
Ronald Reagan
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Reagan
Time: So Far, So Good
http://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19851202,00.html
Ronald Reagan smiling
http://www.ronaldreagan.com/
Reagan Salute
http://framework.latimes.com/2010/08/17/reagans-final-salute/
Gorbachev crossing arms
http://www.depauw.edu/news-media/latest-news/details/16147/
Gorbachev gets key to the city in Winnipeg, Canada
http://canadianawareness.org/2012/11/mikhail-gorbachev-gets-key-to-the-city-of-winnipeg/
Time: Men of the Year
http://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19840102,00.html
INF Treaty Inspection Report
http://dtirp.dtra.mil/images/INF_inspections.png
Berlin Wall Falling
http://www.yaf.org/InnerPageWireframe.aspx?pageid=8817&id=5143&blogid=78
Child breaking Berlin Wall
http://www.culch.ie/2009/11/03/fall-of-berlin-wall-20th-anniversary-celebrations-more/
Attacking the Berlin Wall with pickaxe
http://www.theguardian.com/books/2009/nov/15/robert-mcrum-on-books
Silhouette with axe attacking Berlin Wall
http://www.prolificsoulkinesiology.com.au/2013/01/22/break-down-the-walls/berlin-wall-coming-down/
Person attacking Berlin Wall with hammer
http://ryanharp.net/post/21422116870/sovietpropaganda-tearing-down-the-berlin-wall
Map of Berlin Wall
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_Wall
“Berlin Wall Tumbles!” London Herald
http://historybuff19.wikispaces.com/Famous+Historical+Photos
Nato Sign
http://www.kabuljournal.com/en/images/nato-logo_8.jpg
Warsaw Pact Flag
http://fc01.deviantart.net/fs70/f/2013/204/f/1/flag_of_the_new_warsaw_pact_by_redrich1917-d6dqzsn.jpg
President Kennedy Be Careful!
http://wwwdelivery.superstock.com/WI/223/4048/PreviewComp/SuperStock_4048-10650.jpg
NATO and the Warsaw Pact
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NATO
Russia’s New ICBM
http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/russia-violating-the-inf-treaty-9859
NATO Warsaw Pact Map
http://worldmeets.us/images/Warsaw.Pact.Nato_map.jpg
Cuban Missile Crisis Map
http://files.myopera.com/eyeswideshut/1938/cubanmissilecrisis_006.jpg
Khrushchev TIME Cover
http://img.timeinc.net/time/magazine/archive/covers/1961/1101610908_400.jpg
Fidel Castro TIME Cover
http://img.timeinc.net/time/magazine/archive/covers/1959/1101590126_400.jpg
Soviet Union Flag
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet Union
Washington Post Cuban Missile Crisis
http://media.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/world/cuban/images/1026.gif
Arizona Republic Cuban Missile Crisis
http://www.learnersonline.com/lol/learners-online/the-cuban-missile-crisis/
Herald Tribune Cuban Missile Crisis
http://pdxretro.com/2011/11/naval-blockade-ended-on-this-day-in-1962/
Kansas City Times Cuban Missile Crisis
http://kcmeesha.com/2011/04/20/old-newspapers-cuban-missile-crisis/
Miami News Cuban Missile Crisis
http://miamiarchives.blogspot.com/2012/05/hawk-missiles-in-florida-keys-oct-1962.html
Washington Post New Action on Cuba
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/world/digitalarchive/
Soviet Union Flag
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg
Russian Flag
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg
Fallen Hammer and Sickle
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17840446
Communist Flag over city
http://www.catch21.co.uk/2012/01/can-there-be-a-soviet-union-today
Russian Army Marching
http://www.frumforum.com/tag/fall-of-communism/
Rusted Nuclear Submarines
http://media.defenceindustrydaily.com/images/SHIP_Submarine_Rusted_K-159_lg.jpg
SS-20 IRBM
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/SS20_irbm.jpg
Clinton and Yeltsin
http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~sable/research/photos/cn17476.jpg
Obama and Dmitry Medvedev
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-sHKukG1Z7Jk/T3m0X44y6EI/AAAAAAAAjmw/PiWh2IBb1OY/s1600/obama_medvedev.jpg
Creation of an ICBM storage center
http://rbth.com/science_and_tech/2014/02/05/russian_icbm_missile_tests_what_lies_behind_us_allegations_33893.html
INF Treaty buttons
http://www.inf-treaty.com/
Bear vs Eagle
http://media.washtimes.com/media/image/2013/07/02/b4-schneider-bear-eagle-gg_s640x761.jpg?1d6eaac05cef54681799c8aa86fa32432658cf03
Budget of Cold War
http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2011/11/nuclear-weapons-complex-budget-disarmament
Chronicle Telegram of INF Treaty
http://newspaperarchive.com/us/ohio/elyria/elyria-chronicle-telegram/1987/12-08/
INF Treaty Monitoring Report Cover
https://archive.org/details/inftreatymonitor00test
INF Treaty Monitoring Report Page 2
https://archive.org/details/inftreatymonitor02test
INF Treaty Monitoring Report Page 3
https://archive.org/details/inftreatymonitor03test
INF Treaty Monitoring Report Page 4
https://archive.org/details/inftreatymonitor04test
INF Treaty Monitoring Report Page 5
https://archive.org/details/inftreatymonitor05test
This image shows JFK arm wrestling with Kruschev and demonstrates how no one ever really won the Cold War.
"Kennedy Orders Blockade of Cuba As Reds Build Nuclear Bases There; U.S. Will Sink Defiant Ships." The Huffington Post n.d., Final ed.: 1. The Huffington Post. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. jspivey.wikispaces.com/The+Cuba+Crisis
This image shows President John F. Kennedy ordering a blockade of Cuba, as long as the Soviet Union is building nuclear weapons. It shows that President Kennedy was willing to go to extreme measures in order to protect the United States.
Nuclear Weapons Testing. N.d. Photograph. Wikipedia. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_weapons_testing
This image shows the devastating power of the nuclear weapons rippling across a deserted field. This image helps explain why the INF Treaty was crucial in protecting the world from nuclear weapons.
Breaking the Cycle and Building a Better World. N.d. Photograph. Open Salon. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. open.salon.com/breaking_the_cycle_and_building_a_better_world_nonato
This image shows protesters protesting against NATO for its unfair regulations. It shows how the protests in the 1970’s were very similar, as in both time periods, the protesters were fighting against NATO for what they caused.
Ronald Reagan- Signing the INF Treaty with Gorbachev. 1987. Photograph.History.com. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. http://www.history.com/photos/ronald-reagan/photo13
This image shows President Ronald Reagan signing the INF Treaty with Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev, thus ending the Cold War. It demonstrates how peaceful negotiations and treaties are a much better solutions to ending wars, rather than violence leading to Mutual Assured Destruction.
The Day After- Theatrical Poster. 1983. Photograph. NPR. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1514779
This image is the theatrical poster for the movie, The Day After. This film was actually important because it showed the public how dangerous nuclear weapons could be, and was one of the factors for the public protests. In addition, Ronald Reagan was inspired to end the Cold War after watching this film, fearing that it will become reality.
Megatons-to-Megawatts Logo. Digital image. USEC. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. http://www.usec.com/russian-contracts/megatons-megawatts
This image shows the United States and Russia’s flags crossed, displaying teamwork. It was the logo of the Megawatts-to-Megatons act, which had the Russians transport 20,000 decommissioned missiles to America, so that they could generate power.
Forgotten Soviet Submarine. N.d. Photograph. Urban Ghosts Media. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. http://www.urbanghostsmedia.com/2011/08/forgotten-soviet-submarine-graveyard-kola-peninsula/
This image shows a deserted Soviet submarine lying in a shipyard in Murmansk, Russia. These was common in the shipyard, because these ships were nuclear submarines that were decommissioned in accordance to the INF Treaty, so they were abandoned.
TIME Magazine Cover. 1983. Photograph. TIME Magazine. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. http://content.time.com/time/magazine/0,9263,7601830131,00.html
This image is a magazine cover from the Cold War that shows a IRBM taking off. It is showing how tensions were rising in both America and the Soviet Union, and if it is not solved soon, there could be deadly reproccursions.
Mikhail Gorbachev. 1987. Photograph. Wikipedia. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev
This is a photo of Mikhail Gorbachev, the Soviet Union’s General Secretary, giving a speech at the signing of the INF Treaty. Gorbachev’s openness to work with America and President Ronald Reagan was a crucial reason why the Cold War was ended so soon, otherwise it might have gone on for many more years.
Reagan and Gorbachev Signing the INF Treaty. 1987. Photograph. Wikipedia. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Reagan_and_Gorbachev_signing.jpg
This image shows Reagan and Gorbachev signing the INF treaty and one interesting fact is that in the photo they are smiling even though it is a great time of tensions.
Tsar Bomba Casing in Museum. N.d. Photograph. Wikimedia. Web. 01 Feb. 2014. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tsar_Bomba_Chelyabinsk-70.jpg
This image shows the Tsar Bomba (or in Russian: King Bomb), the largest hydrogen bomb ever created. Because of the creation of the Tsar Bomba, the Americans became afraid of the lengths that the Soviets were headed towards, and became open to negotiations after its creation.
USAF Titan II Underground Launch Complex. N.d. Photograph. Frontier Web. 01 Feb. 2014. http://w3.uwyo.edu/~jimkirk/titan2.html
This image shows a map of the United States Air Force’s underground launch complex for the ICBM, Titan II. The launch complex was designed such that, one of the two cylindrical complexes would act as the launch center for Titan II, and the other complex would be for operations and commands, as well as the basic needs for the site’s personnel.
Pens
http://www.parker75.addr.com/Reference/Treaty_75s/INF_Treaty.htm
Reagan and Gorbachev shaking hands in front of flag
http://www.nbcnews.com/id/5145921/ns/us_news-the_legacy_of_ronald_reagan/
Satan SS-20
http://www.titan-ii.com/LGM25C.html
NATO Flag
http://www.nato.int/multi/natologo.htm
LGM-25C Titan II
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intercontinental_ballistic_missile
Time: Who has the Bomb?
http://blog.nuclearsecrecy.com/2012/04/06/friday-images-atomic-time-magazine
SS-18
http://www.voanews.com/content/reu-russia-plans-new-icbm-to-replace-cold-war-satan-missile/1812053.html
American Pershing II
http://www.historywiz.com/armsrace.htm
Time: The Missile
http://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19560130,00.html
Titan
http://www.wired.com/thisdayintech/2009/02/feb-6-1959-titan-launches-cold-war-heats-up-2/
Time: The Summit
http://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19851118,00.html
Hiroshima Nuclear explosion
http://petapixel.com/2013/02/18/photos-from-the-worlds-first-underwater-nuclear-explosion/
Time: Star Wars
http://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19860623,00.html
America under Communism
http://www.prtaylor.gatech.edu/wordpress/1102m1/2013/11/20/the-publics-paranoia/
Nagasaki Nuclear Blast
http://jcolavito.tripod.com/lostcivilizations/id44.html
Tsar Bomba Nuclear Blast
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsar_Bomba
French Nuclear Explosion
http://www.thedailysheeple.com/is-the-threat-of-an-iranian-nuke-real-or-just-propaganda_092012/nuclear-bomb-explosion
Russian Nuclear Missile Transporter
http://logicum.co/the-icbm/
Minuteman III
http://defensetech.org/2010/04/12/gates-says-u-s-has-conventionally-armed-icbms/
Russia’s “New Satan”
http://submarinersworld.blogspot.com/2012/09/new-russian-icbm-can-carry-bigger.html
Henry Kissinger with Andrei Gromyko
http://online.usip.org/negotiation/1_2_1.php
Signing the NPT Treaty
http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/nukevault/ebb253/
Glassboro Summit Conference
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glassboro_Summit_Conference
SALT I
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strategic_Arms_Limitation_Talks
ABM Treaty
http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1795.html
Reykjavik Summit
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reykjav%C3%ADk_Summit
US and USSR Nuclear Stockpiles
http://iipdigital.usembassy.gov/st/english/publication/2010/02/20100222190335ebyessedo3.511554e-02.html#axzz2v2oGdIUq
US and USSR defense budgets
http://dept.lamar.edu/polisci/true/true_art_tlp.html
Reagan and Gorbachev in front of Hotel Houif
http://www.britannica.com/blogs/2011/10/thawing-iceland-reagan-gorbachev-summit-photo-day/
Reagan and Gorbachev in front of fireplace
http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2043087_2043088_2043108,00.html
Reagan and Gorbachev in Hotel Houif
http://www.thereaganvision.org/the-reykjavik-summit-the-story/
Reagan and Gorbachev in Reagan’s office
http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/photographs/gorby.html
Reagan and Gorbachev
http://www.history.com/photos/ronald-reagan/photo12
Ronald Reagan
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Reagan
Time: So Far, So Good
http://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19851202,00.html
Ronald Reagan smiling
http://www.ronaldreagan.com/
Reagan Salute
http://framework.latimes.com/2010/08/17/reagans-final-salute/
Gorbachev crossing arms
http://www.depauw.edu/news-media/latest-news/details/16147/
Gorbachev gets key to the city in Winnipeg, Canada
http://canadianawareness.org/2012/11/mikhail-gorbachev-gets-key-to-the-city-of-winnipeg/
Time: Men of the Year
http://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19840102,00.html
INF Treaty Inspection Report
http://dtirp.dtra.mil/images/INF_inspections.png
Berlin Wall Falling
http://www.yaf.org/InnerPageWireframe.aspx?pageid=8817&id=5143&blogid=78
Child breaking Berlin Wall
http://www.culch.ie/2009/11/03/fall-of-berlin-wall-20th-anniversary-celebrations-more/
Attacking the Berlin Wall with pickaxe
http://www.theguardian.com/books/2009/nov/15/robert-mcrum-on-books
Silhouette with axe attacking Berlin Wall
http://www.prolificsoulkinesiology.com.au/2013/01/22/break-down-the-walls/berlin-wall-coming-down/
Person attacking Berlin Wall with hammer
http://ryanharp.net/post/21422116870/sovietpropaganda-tearing-down-the-berlin-wall
Map of Berlin Wall
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_Wall
“Berlin Wall Tumbles!” London Herald
http://historybuff19.wikispaces.com/Famous+Historical+Photos
Nato Sign
http://www.kabuljournal.com/en/images/nato-logo_8.jpg
Warsaw Pact Flag
http://fc01.deviantart.net/fs70/f/2013/204/f/1/flag_of_the_new_warsaw_pact_by_redrich1917-d6dqzsn.jpg
President Kennedy Be Careful!
http://wwwdelivery.superstock.com/WI/223/4048/PreviewComp/SuperStock_4048-10650.jpg
NATO and the Warsaw Pact
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NATO
Russia’s New ICBM
http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/russia-violating-the-inf-treaty-9859
NATO Warsaw Pact Map
http://worldmeets.us/images/Warsaw.Pact.Nato_map.jpg
Cuban Missile Crisis Map
http://files.myopera.com/eyeswideshut/1938/cubanmissilecrisis_006.jpg
Khrushchev TIME Cover
http://img.timeinc.net/time/magazine/archive/covers/1961/1101610908_400.jpg
Fidel Castro TIME Cover
http://img.timeinc.net/time/magazine/archive/covers/1959/1101590126_400.jpg
Soviet Union Flag
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet Union
Washington Post Cuban Missile Crisis
http://media.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/world/cuban/images/1026.gif
Arizona Republic Cuban Missile Crisis
http://www.learnersonline.com/lol/learners-online/the-cuban-missile-crisis/
Herald Tribune Cuban Missile Crisis
http://pdxretro.com/2011/11/naval-blockade-ended-on-this-day-in-1962/
Kansas City Times Cuban Missile Crisis
http://kcmeesha.com/2011/04/20/old-newspapers-cuban-missile-crisis/
Miami News Cuban Missile Crisis
http://miamiarchives.blogspot.com/2012/05/hawk-missiles-in-florida-keys-oct-1962.html
Washington Post New Action on Cuba
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/world/digitalarchive/
Soviet Union Flag
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg
Russian Flag
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg
Fallen Hammer and Sickle
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17840446
Communist Flag over city
http://www.catch21.co.uk/2012/01/can-there-be-a-soviet-union-today
Russian Army Marching
http://www.frumforum.com/tag/fall-of-communism/
Rusted Nuclear Submarines
http://media.defenceindustrydaily.com/images/SHIP_Submarine_Rusted_K-159_lg.jpg
SS-20 IRBM
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d4/SS20_irbm.jpg
Clinton and Yeltsin
http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~sable/research/photos/cn17476.jpg
Obama and Dmitry Medvedev
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-sHKukG1Z7Jk/T3m0X44y6EI/AAAAAAAAjmw/PiWh2IBb1OY/s1600/obama_medvedev.jpg
Creation of an ICBM storage center
http://rbth.com/science_and_tech/2014/02/05/russian_icbm_missile_tests_what_lies_behind_us_allegations_33893.html
INF Treaty buttons
http://www.inf-treaty.com/
Bear vs Eagle
http://media.washtimes.com/media/image/2013/07/02/b4-schneider-bear-eagle-gg_s640x761.jpg?1d6eaac05cef54681799c8aa86fa32432658cf03
Budget of Cold War
http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2011/11/nuclear-weapons-complex-budget-disarmament
Chronicle Telegram of INF Treaty
http://newspaperarchive.com/us/ohio/elyria/elyria-chronicle-telegram/1987/12-08/
INF Treaty Monitoring Report Cover
https://archive.org/details/inftreatymonitor00test
INF Treaty Monitoring Report Page 2
https://archive.org/details/inftreatymonitor02test
INF Treaty Monitoring Report Page 3
https://archive.org/details/inftreatymonitor03test
INF Treaty Monitoring Report Page 4
https://archive.org/details/inftreatymonitor04test
INF Treaty Monitoring Report Page 5
https://archive.org/details/inftreatymonitor05test